Primeros pasos con los enchufes

Cómo instanciar un objeto de clase de socket #

La creación de instancias de un socket se puede hacer de varias maneras.

1. por declaración e instanciación de 2 líneas:

   First we need to define a variable which will hold a Socket class object:

   Socket socket;
   

   then we can create a Socket class object:

   socket = new Socket();
   

2. También podemos hacer una definición e instanciación de una línea:

   Socket  socket = new Socket();
   

ambas formas crearán un socket desconectado.

Podemos usar otros constructores parametrizados para instanciar un objeto de clase de socket conectado o no conectado:

Para obtener más información, consulte las especificaciones del documento de clase:

https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/net/Socket.html

Cree un socket no conectado, intente conectarse a él y verifique si la conexión está establecida #

 public class ConnectSocketExample {

    private int HTTP_PORT = 80;

    /**
     * example method to create unconnected socket
     * then connect to it
     * at end return connected socket
     *
     * @param httpHostName - endpoint host name fot socket connection
     * @throws IOException - if the socket is already connected or an error occurs while connecting.
     */
    protected Socket connectSocket(String httpHostName) throws IOException {
        // define local variable for socket and create unconnected socket
        Socket socket = new Socket();
        //  create iNet address for socket
        InetSocketAddress inetSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(httpHostName, HTTP_PORT);
        // connect socket to inet address (end point )
        socket.connect(inetSocketAddress);
        // return connected socket for later use 
        return socket;
    }
    
    /** 
     * public method for try to create connected to goole.com http port socket 
     * and with check and system out print if this try was successful
     **/
    public void createAndCheckIfConnected() {
        try {
            Socket connectedSocket = connectSocket("google.com");
            boolean connected = connectedSocket.isConnected();
            System.out.print("Socket is:" + (!connected ? " not" : "" +  " connected"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

Escribir en el socket una simple solicitud de obtención de http y volcar la respuesta #

/** 
 * we reuse a class written in example:
 * https://www.wikiod.com/es/sockets/primeros-pasos-con-los-enchufes
 * pleas to familiar with it first to continue with this one 
 **/
public class WriteToSocketExample extends ConnectSocketExample {

    private String CRLF = "\r\n"; // line termination (separator)

    /**
     * write a simple http get request to socket
     * @param host - host to establish a connection
     *               (http server - see ConnectSocketExample HTTP_PORT )
     * @param path - path to file ( in this case a url location - part used in browser after host)
     * @return a  connected socket with filled in raw get request
     * @throws IOException - see ConnectSocketExample.connectSocket(host);
     */
    protected Socket writeGetToSocket(String host, String path) throws IOException {
        // create simple http raw get request for host/path
        String rawHttpGetRequest = "GET "+ path +" HTTP/1.1 " + CRLF  // request line
                + "Host: "+ host + CRLF
                + CRLF;
        // get bytes of this request using proper encodings
        byte[] bytesOfRequest = rawHttpGetRequest.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8)"));
        // create & connect to socket
        Socket socket = connectSocket(host);
        // get socket output stream
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        // write to the stream a get request we created
        outputStream.write(bytesOfRequest);
        // return socket with written get request
        return  socket;
    }

    /**
     * create, connect and write to socket simple http get request
     * then dump response of this request
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void writeToSocketAndDumpResponse() throws IOException {
        // send request to http server for / page content
        Socket socket = writeGetToSocket("google.com", "/");
        // now we will read response from server
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        // create a byte array buffer to read respons in chunks
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        // define a var to hold count of read bytes from stream
        int weRead;
        // read bytes from sockets till exhausted or read time out will occurred ( as we didn't add in raw get header Connection: close (default keep-alive)
        while ((weRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
            // print what we have read
            System.out.print(new String(buffer));
        }
    }
}